{"day":"02","quality_controlled":"1","intvolume":"        40","date_updated":"2023-09-05T14:02:55Z","abstract":[{"text":"Origin and functions of intermittent transitions among sleep stages, including brief awakenings and arousals, constitute a challenge to the current homeostatic framework for sleep regulation, focusing on factors modulating sleep over large time scales. Here we propose that the complex micro-architecture characterizing sleep on scales of seconds and minutes results from intrinsic non-equilibrium critical dynamics. We investigate θ- and δ-wave dynamics in control rats and in rats where the sleep-promoting ventrolateral preoptic nucleus (VLPO) is lesioned (male Sprague-Dawley rats). We demonstrate that bursts in θ and δ cortical rhythms exhibit complex temporal organization, with long-range correlations and robust duality of power-law (θ-bursts, active phase) and exponential-like (δ-bursts, quiescent phase) duration distributions, features typical of non-equilibrium systems self-organizing at criticality. We show that such non-equilibrium behavior relates to anti-correlated coupling between θ- and δ-bursts, persists across a range of time scales, and is independent of the dominant physiologic state; indications of a basic principle in sleep regulation. Further, we find that VLPO lesions lead to a modulation of cortical dynamics resulting in altered dynamical parameters of θ- and δ-bursts and significant reduction in θ–δ coupling. Our empirical findings and model simulations demonstrate that θ–δ coupling is essential for the emerging non-equilibrium critical dynamics observed across the sleep–wake cycle, and indicate that VLPO neurons may have dual role for both sleep and arousal/brief wake activation. The uncovered critical behavior in sleep- and wake-related cortical rhythms indicates a mechanism essential for the micro-architecture of spontaneous sleep-stage and arousal transitions within a novel, non-homeostatic paradigm of sleep regulation.","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public","ec_funded":1,"volume":40,"isi":1,"pmid":1,"project":[{"name":"ISTplus - Postdoctoral Fellowships","_id":"260C2330-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"754411","call_identifier":"H2020"}],"article_type":"original","has_accepted_license":"1","external_id":{"isi":["000505167600016"],"pmid":["31694962"]},"ddc":["570"],"year":"2020","file":[{"file_id":"8150","success":1,"access_level":"open_access","creator":"dernst","file_size":6646046,"file_name":"2020_JournNeuroscience_Lombardi.pdf","date_created":"2020-07-22T11:44:48Z","content_type":"application/pdf","date_updated":"2020-07-22T11:44:48Z","relation":"main_file"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","date_published":"2020-01-02T00:00:00Z","publication":"Journal of Neuroscience","date_created":"2020-07-05T15:24:51Z","page":"171-190","user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","department":[{"_id":"GaTk"}],"file_date_updated":"2020-07-22T11:44:48Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"author":[{"full_name":"Lombardi, Fabrizio","orcid":"0000-0003-2623-5249","first_name":"Fabrizio","last_name":"Lombardi","id":"A057D288-3E88-11E9-986D-0CF4E5697425"},{"first_name":"Manuel","full_name":"Gómez-Extremera, Manuel","last_name":"Gómez-Extremera"},{"first_name":"Pedro","full_name":"Bernaola-Galván, Pedro","last_name":"Bernaola-Galván"},{"full_name":"Vetrivelan, Ramalingam","first_name":"Ramalingam","last_name":"Vetrivelan"},{"first_name":"Clifford B.","full_name":"Saper, Clifford B.","last_name":"Saper"},{"last_name":"Scammell","first_name":"Thomas E.","full_name":"Scammell, Thomas E."},{"full_name":"Ivanov, Plamen Ch.","first_name":"Plamen Ch.","last_name":"Ivanov"}],"publication_status":"published","publisher":"Society for Neuroscience","scopus_import":"1","oa":1,"oa_version":"Published Version","citation":{"short":"F. Lombardi, M. Gómez-Extremera, P. Bernaola-Galván, R. Vetrivelan, C.B. Saper, T.E. Scammell, P.C. Ivanov, Journal of Neuroscience 40 (2020) 171–190.","apa":"Lombardi, F., Gómez-Extremera, M., Bernaola-Galván, P., Vetrivelan, R., Saper, C. B., Scammell, T. E., &#38; Ivanov, P. C. (2020). Critical dynamics and coupling in bursts of cortical rhythms indicate non-homeostatic mechanism for sleep-stage transitions and dual role of VLPO neurons in both sleep and wake. <i>Journal of Neuroscience</i>. Society for Neuroscience. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.1278-19.2019\">https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.1278-19.2019</a>","ama":"Lombardi F, Gómez-Extremera M, Bernaola-Galván P, et al. Critical dynamics and coupling in bursts of cortical rhythms indicate non-homeostatic mechanism for sleep-stage transitions and dual role of VLPO neurons in both sleep and wake. <i>Journal of Neuroscience</i>. 2020;40(1):171-190. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.1278-19.2019\">10.1523/jneurosci.1278-19.2019</a>","ista":"Lombardi F, Gómez-Extremera M, Bernaola-Galván P, Vetrivelan R, Saper CB, Scammell TE, Ivanov PC. 2020. Critical dynamics and coupling in bursts of cortical rhythms indicate non-homeostatic mechanism for sleep-stage transitions and dual role of VLPO neurons in both sleep and wake. Journal of Neuroscience. 40(1), 171–190.","chicago":"Lombardi, Fabrizio, Manuel Gómez-Extremera, Pedro Bernaola-Galván, Ramalingam Vetrivelan, Clifford B. Saper, Thomas E. Scammell, and Plamen Ch. Ivanov. “Critical Dynamics and Coupling in Bursts of Cortical Rhythms Indicate Non-Homeostatic Mechanism for Sleep-Stage Transitions and Dual Role of VLPO Neurons in Both Sleep and Wake.” <i>Journal of Neuroscience</i>. Society for Neuroscience, 2020. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.1278-19.2019\">https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.1278-19.2019</a>.","mla":"Lombardi, Fabrizio, et al. “Critical Dynamics and Coupling in Bursts of Cortical Rhythms Indicate Non-Homeostatic Mechanism for Sleep-Stage Transitions and Dual Role of VLPO Neurons in Both Sleep and Wake.” <i>Journal of Neuroscience</i>, vol. 40, no. 1, Society for Neuroscience, 2020, pp. 171–90, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.1278-19.2019\">10.1523/jneurosci.1278-19.2019</a>.","ieee":"F. Lombardi <i>et al.</i>, “Critical dynamics and coupling in bursts of cortical rhythms indicate non-homeostatic mechanism for sleep-stage transitions and dual role of VLPO neurons in both sleep and wake,” <i>Journal of Neuroscience</i>, vol. 40, no. 1. Society for Neuroscience, pp. 171–190, 2020."},"type":"journal_article","_id":"8084","doi":"10.1523/jneurosci.1278-19.2019","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1529-2401"],"issn":["0270-6474"]},"month":"01","issue":"1","title":"Critical dynamics and coupling in bursts of cortical rhythms indicate non-homeostatic mechanism for sleep-stage transitions and dual role of VLPO neurons in both sleep and wake"}