---
OA_type: closed access
_id: '814'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) assembly proceeds in two stages.
    First, the 55 kilodalton viral Gag polyprotein assembles into a hexameric protein
    lattice at the plasma membrane of the infected cell, inducing budding and release
    of an immature particle. Second, Gag is cleaved by the viral protease, leading
    to internal rearrangement of the virus into the mature, infectious form. Immature
    and mature HIV-1 particles are heterogeneous in size and morphology, preventing
    high-resolution analysis of their protein arrangement in situ by conventional
    structural biology methods. Here we apply cryo-electron tomography and sub-tomogram
    averaging methods to resolve the structure of the capsid lattice within intact
    immature HIV-1 particles at subnanometre resolution, allowing unambiguous positioning
    of all α-helices. The resulting model reveals tertiary and quaternary structural
    interactions that mediate HIV-1 assembly. Strikingly, these interactions differ
    from those predicted by the current model based on in vitro-assembled arrays of
    Gag-derived proteins from Mason-Pfizer monkey virus. To validate this difference,
    we solve the structure of the capsid lattice within intact immature Mason-Pfizer
    monkey virus particles. Comparison with the immature HIV-1 structure reveals that
    retroviral capsid proteins, while having conserved tertiary structures, adopt
    different quaternary arrangements during virus assembly. The approach demonstrated
    here should be applicable to determine structures of other proteins at subnanometre
    resolution within heterogeneous environments.
acknowledgement: This study was supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft grants
  BR 3635/2-1 to J.A.G.B., KR 906/7-1 to H.-G.K. and by Grant Agency of the Czech
  Republic 14-15326S to M.R. The Briggs laboratory acknowledges financial support
  from the European Molecular Biology Laboratory and from the Chica und Heinz Schaller
  Stiftung. We thank B. Glass, M. Anders and S. Mattei for preparation of samples,
  and R. Hadravova, K. H. Bui, F. Thommen, M. Schorb, S. Dodonova, S. Glatt, P. Ulbrich
  and T. Bharat for technical support and/or discussion. This study was technically
  supported by the European Molecular Biology Laboratory IT services unit.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: letter_note
author:
- first_name: Florian
  full_name: Schur, Florian
  id: 48AD8942-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Schur
  orcid: 0000-0003-4790-8078
- first_name: Wim
  full_name: Hagen, Wim
  last_name: Hagen
- first_name: Michaela
  full_name: Rumlová, Michaela
  last_name: Rumlová
- first_name: Tomáš
  full_name: Ruml, Tomáš
  last_name: Ruml
- first_name: B
  full_name: Müller, B
  last_name: Müller
- first_name: Hans
  full_name: Kraüsslich, Hans
  last_name: Kraüsslich
- first_name: John
  full_name: Briggs, John
  last_name: Briggs
citation:
  ama: Schur FK, Hagen W, Rumlová M, et al. Structure of the immature HIV-1 capsid
    in intact virus particles at 8.8 Å resolution. <i>Nature</i>. 2015;517(7535):505-508.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13838">10.1038/nature13838</a>
  apa: Schur, F. K., Hagen, W., Rumlová, M., Ruml, T., Müller, B., Kraüsslich, H.,
    &#38; Briggs, J. (2015). Structure of the immature HIV-1 capsid in intact virus
    particles at 8.8 Å resolution. <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13838">https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13838</a>
  chicago: Schur, Florian KM, Wim Hagen, Michaela Rumlová, Tomáš Ruml, B Müller, Hans
    Kraüsslich, and John Briggs. “Structure of the Immature HIV-1 Capsid in Intact
    Virus Particles at 8.8 Å Resolution.” <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature, 2015. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13838">https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13838</a>.
  ieee: F. K. Schur <i>et al.</i>, “Structure of the immature HIV-1 capsid in intact
    virus particles at 8.8 Å resolution,” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 517, no. 7535. Springer
    Nature, pp. 505–508, 2015.
  ista: Schur FK, Hagen W, Rumlová M, Ruml T, Müller B, Kraüsslich H, Briggs J. 2015.
    Structure of the immature HIV-1 capsid in intact virus particles at 8.8 Å resolution.
    Nature. 517(7535), 505–508.
  mla: Schur, Florian KM, et al. “Structure of the Immature HIV-1 Capsid in Intact
    Virus Particles at 8.8 Å Resolution.” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 517, no. 7535, Springer
    Nature, 2015, pp. 505–08, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13838">10.1038/nature13838</a>.
  short: F.K. Schur, W. Hagen, M. Rumlová, T. Ruml, B. Müller, H. Kraüsslich, J. Briggs,
    Nature 517 (2015) 505–508.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:48:39Z
date_published: 2015-01-22T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-05-19T08:19:41Z
day: '22'
doi: 10.1038/nature13838
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '25363765'
intvolume: '       517'
issue: '7535'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 505 - 508
pmid: 1
publication: Nature
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1476-4687
  issn:
  - 0028-0836
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
publist_id: '6836'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Structure of the immature HIV-1 capsid in intact virus particles at 8.8 Å resolution
type: journal_article
user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd
volume: 517
year: '2015'
...