---
_id: '8818'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The hippocampus has a major role in encoding and consolidating long-term memories,
    and undergoes plastic changes during sleep1. These changes require precise homeostatic
    control by subcortical neuromodulatory structures2. The underlying mechanisms
    of this phenomenon, however, remain unknown. Here, using multi-structure recordings
    in macaque monkeys, we show that the brainstem transiently modulates hippocampal
    network events through phasic pontine waves known as pontogeniculooccipital waves
    (PGO waves). Two physiologically distinct types of PGO wave appear to occur sequentially,
    selectively influencing high-frequency ripples and low-frequency theta events,
    respectively. The two types of PGO wave are associated with opposite hippocampal
    spike-field coupling, prompting periods of high neural synchrony of neural populations
    during periods of ripple and theta instances. The coupling between PGO waves and
    ripples, classically associated with distinct sleep stages, supports the notion
    that a global coordination mechanism of hippocampal sleep dynamics by cholinergic
    pontine transients may promote systems and synaptic memory consolidation as well
    as synaptic homeostasis.
acknowledgement: We thank O. Eschenko and M. Constantinou for providing feedback on
  earlier versions of this work, and J. Werner and M. Schnabel for technical support
  during the development of this study. This research was supported by the Max Planck
  Society.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Juan F
  full_name: Ramirez Villegas, Juan F
  id: 44B06F76-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Ramirez Villegas
- first_name: Michel
  full_name: Besserve, Michel
  last_name: Besserve
- first_name: Yusuke
  full_name: Murayama, Yusuke
  last_name: Murayama
- first_name: Henry C.
  full_name: Evrard, Henry C.
  last_name: Evrard
- first_name: Axel
  full_name: Oeltermann, Axel
  last_name: Oeltermann
- first_name: Nikos K.
  full_name: Logothetis, Nikos K.
  last_name: Logothetis
citation:
  ama: Ramirez Villegas JF, Besserve M, Murayama Y, Evrard HC, Oeltermann A, Logothetis
    NK. Coupling of hippocampal theta and ripples with pontogeniculooccipital waves.
    <i>Nature</i>. 2021;589(7840):96-102. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2914-4">10.1038/s41586-020-2914-4</a>
  apa: Ramirez Villegas, J. F., Besserve, M., Murayama, Y., Evrard, H. C., Oeltermann,
    A., &#38; Logothetis, N. K. (2021). Coupling of hippocampal theta and ripples
    with pontogeniculooccipital waves. <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2914-4">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2914-4</a>
  chicago: Ramirez Villegas, Juan F, Michel Besserve, Yusuke Murayama, Henry C. Evrard,
    Axel Oeltermann, and Nikos K. Logothetis. “Coupling of Hippocampal Theta and Ripples
    with Pontogeniculooccipital Waves.” <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2914-4">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2914-4</a>.
  ieee: J. F. Ramirez Villegas, M. Besserve, Y. Murayama, H. C. Evrard, A. Oeltermann,
    and N. K. Logothetis, “Coupling of hippocampal theta and ripples with pontogeniculooccipital
    waves,” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 589, no. 7840. Springer Nature, pp. 96–102, 2021.
  ista: Ramirez Villegas JF, Besserve M, Murayama Y, Evrard HC, Oeltermann A, Logothetis
    NK. 2021. Coupling of hippocampal theta and ripples with pontogeniculooccipital
    waves. Nature. 589(7840), 96–102.
  mla: Ramirez Villegas, Juan F., et al. “Coupling of Hippocampal Theta and Ripples
    with Pontogeniculooccipital Waves.” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 589, no. 7840, Springer
    Nature, 2021, pp. 96–102, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2914-4">10.1038/s41586-020-2914-4</a>.
  short: J.F. Ramirez Villegas, M. Besserve, Y. Murayama, H.C. Evrard, A. Oeltermann,
    N.K. Logothetis, Nature 589 (2021) 96–102.
date_created: 2020-11-29T23:01:19Z
date_published: 2021-01-07T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-07-10T12:01:26Z
day: '07'
department:
- _id: JoCs
doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2914-4
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000591047800005'
  pmid:
  - '33208951'
intvolume: '       589'
isi: 1
issue: '7840'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 96-102
pmid: 1
publication: Nature
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1476-4687
  issn:
  - 0028-0836
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  link:
  - relation: erratum
    url: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-03068-9
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Coupling of hippocampal theta and ripples with pontogeniculooccipital waves
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 589
year: '2021'
...