---
res:
  bibo_abstract:
  - Shigella are pathogens originating within the Escherichia lineage but frequently
    classified as a separate genus. Shigella genomes contain numerous insertion sequences
    (ISs) that lead to pseudogenisation of affected genes and an increase of non-homologous
    recombination. Here, we study 414 genomes of E. coli and Shigella strains to assess
    the contribution of genomic rearrangements to Shigella evolution. We found that
    Shigella experienced exceptionally high rates of intragenomic rearrangements and
    had a decreased rate of homologous recombination compared to pathogenic and non-pathogenic
    E. coli. The high rearrangement rate resulted in independent disruption of syntenic
    regions and parallel rearrangements in different Shigella lineages. Specifically,
    we identified two types of chromosomally encoded E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases
    acquired independently by all Shigella strains that also showed a high level of
    sequence conservation in the promoter and further in the 5′-intergenic region.
    In the only available enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) strain, which is a pathogenic
    E. coli with a phenotype intermediate between Shigella and non-pathogenic E. coli,
    we found a rate of genome rearrangements comparable to those in other E. coli
    and no functional copies of the two Shigella-specific E3 ubiquitin ligases. These
    data indicate that the accumulation of ISs influenced many aspects of genome evolution
    and played an important role in the evolution of intracellular pathogens. Our
    research demonstrates the power of comparative genomics-based on synteny block
    composition and an important role of non-coding regions in the evolution of genomic
    islands.@eng
  bibo_authorlist:
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Zaira
      foaf_name: Seferbekova, Zaira
      foaf_surname: Seferbekova
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Alexey
      foaf_name: Zabelkin, Alexey
      foaf_surname: Zabelkin
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Yulia
      foaf_name: Yakovleva, Yulia
      foaf_surname: Yakovleva
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Robert
      foaf_name: Afasizhev, Robert
      foaf_surname: Afasizhev
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Natalia O.
      foaf_name: Dranenko, Natalia O.
      foaf_surname: Dranenko
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Nikita
      foaf_name: Alexeev, Nikita
      foaf_surname: Alexeev
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Mikhail S.
      foaf_name: Gelfand, Mikhail S.
      foaf_surname: Gelfand
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Olga
      foaf_name: Bochkareva, Olga
      foaf_surname: Bochkareva
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=C4558D3C-6102-11E9-A62E-F418E6697425
    orcid: 0000-0003-1006-6639
  bibo_doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.628622
  bibo_volume: 12
  dct_date: 2021^xs_gYear
  dct_identifier:
  - UT:000643713300001
  dct_isPartOf:
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/1664-302X
  dct_language: eng
  dct_publisher: Frontiers@
  dct_title: High rates of genome rearrangements and pathogenicity of Shigella spp@
...