article published yes Eric Rosenthal author Benjamin Chapman author Andrew P Higginbotham author 4AD6785A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A870000-0003-2607-2363 Joseph Kerckhoff author Konrad Lehnert author We introduce a method for breaking Lorentz reciprocity based upon the noncommutation of frequency conversion and delay. The method requires no magnetic materials or resonant physics, allowing for the design of scalable and broadband nonreciprocal circuits. With this approach, two types of gyrators - universal building blocks for linear, nonreciprocal circuits - are constructed. Using one of these gyrators, we create a circulator with &gt;15 dB of isolation across the 5-9 GHz band. Our designs may be readily extended to any platform with suitable frequency conversion elements, including semiconducting devices for telecommunication or an on-chip superconducting implementation for quantum information processing. American Physical Society2017 eng 1705.0954810.1103/PhysRevLett.119.147703 11914 yes Rosenthal, E., Chapman, B., Higginbotham, A. P., Kerckhoff, J., &#38; Lehnert, K. (2017). Breaking Lorentz reciprocity with frequency conversion and delay. <i>APS Physics, Physical Review Letters</i>. American Physical Society. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.147703">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.147703</a> Rosenthal, Eric, et al. “Breaking Lorentz Reciprocity with Frequency Conversion and Delay.” <i>APS Physics, Physical Review Letters</i>, vol. 119, no. 14, 147703, American Physical Society, 2017, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.147703">10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.147703</a>. E. Rosenthal, B. Chapman, A. P. Higginbotham, J. Kerckhoff, and K. Lehnert, “Breaking Lorentz reciprocity with frequency conversion and delay,” <i>APS Physics, Physical Review Letters</i>, vol. 119, no. 14. American Physical Society, 2017. Rosenthal E, Chapman B, Higginbotham AP, Kerckhoff J, Lehnert K. 2017. Breaking Lorentz reciprocity with frequency conversion and delay. APS Physics, Physical Review Letters. 119(14), 147703. Rosenthal E, Chapman B, Higginbotham AP, Kerckhoff J, Lehnert K. Breaking Lorentz reciprocity with frequency conversion and delay. <i>APS Physics, Physical Review Letters</i>. 2017;119(14). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.147703">10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.147703</a> E. Rosenthal, B. Chapman, A.P. Higginbotham, J. Kerckhoff, K. Lehnert, APS Physics, Physical Review Letters 119 (2017). Rosenthal, Eric, Benjamin Chapman, Andrew P Higginbotham, Joseph Kerckhoff, and Konrad Lehnert. “Breaking Lorentz Reciprocity with Frequency Conversion and Delay.” <i>APS Physics, Physical Review Letters</i>. American Physical Society, 2017. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.147703">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.147703</a>. 942018-12-11T11:44:35Z2021-01-12T08:22:04Z