---
res:
  bibo_abstract:
  - Cytosine methylation is a DNA modification with important regulatory functions
    in eukaryotes. In flowering plants, sexual reproduction is accompanied by extensive
    DNA demethylation, which is required for proper gene expression in the endosperm,
    a nutritive extraembryonic seed tissue. Endosperm arises from a fusion of a sperm
    cell carried in the pollen and a female central cell. Endosperm DNA demethylation
    is observed specifically on the chromosomes inherited from the central cell in
    Arabidopsis thaliana, rice, and maize, and requires the DEMETER DNA demethylase
    in Arabidopsis. DEMETER is expressed in the central cell before fertilization,
    suggesting that endosperm demethylation patterns are inherited from the central
    cell. Down-regulation of the MET1 DNA methyltransferase has also been proposed
    to contribute to central cell demethylation. However, with the exception of three
    maize genes, central cell DNA methylation has not been directly measured, leaving
    the origin and mechanism of endosperm demethylation uncertain. Here, we report
    genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation in the central cells of Arabidopsis and
    rice—species that diverged 150 million years ago—as well as in rice egg cells.
    We find that DNA demethylation in both species is initiated in central cells,
    which requires DEMETER in Arabidopsis. However, we do not observe a global reduction
    of CG methylation that would be indicative of lowered MET1 activity; on the contrary,
    CG methylation efficiency is elevated in female gametes compared with nonsexual
    tissues. Our results demonstrate that locus-specific, active DNA demethylation
    in the central cell is the origin of maternal chromosome hypomethylation in the
    endosperm.@eng
  bibo_authorlist:
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Kyunghyuk
      foaf_name: Park, Kyunghyuk
      foaf_surname: Park
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: M. Yvonne
      foaf_name: Kim, M. Yvonne
      foaf_surname: Kim
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Martin
      foaf_name: Vickers, Martin
      foaf_surname: Vickers
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Jin-Sup
      foaf_name: Park, Jin-Sup
      foaf_surname: Park
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Youbong
      foaf_name: Hyun, Youbong
      foaf_surname: Hyun
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Takashi
      foaf_name: Okamoto, Takashi
      foaf_surname: Okamoto
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Daniel
      foaf_name: Zilberman, Daniel
      foaf_surname: Zilberman
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=6973db13-dd5f-11ea-814e-b3e5455e9ed1
    orcid: 0000-0002-0123-8649
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Robert L.
      foaf_name: Fischer, Robert L.
      foaf_surname: Fischer
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Xiaoqi
      foaf_name: Feng, Xiaoqi
      foaf_surname: Feng
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=e0164712-22ee-11ed-b12a-d80fcdf35958
    orcid: 0000-0002-4008-1234
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Yeonhee
      foaf_name: Choi, Yeonhee
      foaf_surname: Choi
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Stefan
      foaf_name: Scholten, Stefan
      foaf_surname: Scholten
  bibo_doi: 10.1073/pnas.1619047114
  bibo_issue: '52'
  bibo_volume: 113
  dct_date: 2016^xs_gYear
  dct_isPartOf:
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/0027-8424
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/1091-6490
  dct_language: eng
  dct_publisher: National Academy of Sciences@
  dct_subject:
  - Multidisciplinary
  dct_title: DNA demethylation is initiated in the central cells of Arabidopsis and
    rice@
  fabio_hasPubmedId: '27956642'
...