Prussian blue analogues as anode materials for battery applications: Complexities and horizons

Palacios Corella M, Echevarría I, Santana Santos C, Schuhmann W, Ventosa E, Ibáñez M. 2025. Prussian blue analogues as anode materials for battery applications: Complexities and horizons. Chemistry of Materials.

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Author
Palacios Corella, MarioISTA; Echevarría, IgorISTA; Santana Santos, Carla; Schuhmann, Wolfgang; Ventosa, Edgar; Ibáñez , MariaISTA

Corresponding author has ISTA affiliation

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Abstract
Prussian blue (PB) and Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) are a class of porous materials composed of transition metal cations, cyanide ligands, and alkali metal cations. Their ability to intercalate and deintercalate ions within their framework pores, coupled with the adaptability of their crystal structure to electrochemical changes, underpins their success in battery applications. PBAs with Fe or Co as the active site exhibit high redox potentials (vs SHE) and have been extensively explored as cathode materials, with well-documented chemistry, crystal structures, and electrochemical properties. In contrast, PBAs with Cr or Mn as the active site display lower redox potentials and remain significantly underexplored as anode materials. This gap has led to fewer reported compounds and a less comprehensive understanding of their structural and electrochemical behavior, leaving the field relatively opaque. In this perspective, we comprehensively analyze the challenges involved in producing and employing PBAs with low redox potentials as active battery materials. Conversely, we propose numerous horizons and ask fundamental questions that should pave the way for future research to advance the field.
Publishing Year
Date Published
2025-06-03
Journal Title
Chemistry of Materials
Publisher
American Chemical Society
Acknowledgement
All the authors acknowledge financial support by the MeBattery project. MeBattery has received funding from the European Innovation Council of the European Union under Grant Agreement No. 101046742. We acknowledge the valuable scientific discussions with Christine Fiedler. M.P.-C. acknowledges that the project that gave rise to these results received the support of a fellowship from the “la Caixa” Foundation (ID 100010434) with code LCF/BQ/PI24/12040015. E.V. also acknowledges financial support by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and NextGenerationEU (TED2021-131651B-C21) and Ramón y Cajal award (Ministry of Science and Innovation and European Social Funds, RYC2018-026086-I).
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IST-REx-ID

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Palacios Corella M, Echevarría I, Santana Santos C, Schuhmann W, Ventosa E, Ibáñez M. Prussian blue analogues as anode materials for battery applications: Complexities and horizons. Chemistry of Materials. 2025. doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.5c00213
Palacios Corella, M., Echevarría, I., Santana Santos, C., Schuhmann, W., Ventosa, E., & Ibáñez, M. (2025). Prussian blue analogues as anode materials for battery applications: Complexities and horizons. Chemistry of Materials. American Chemical Society. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5c00213
Palacios Corella, Mario, Igor Echevarría, Carla Santana Santos, Wolfgang Schuhmann, Edgar Ventosa, and Maria Ibáñez. “Prussian Blue Analogues as Anode Materials for Battery Applications: Complexities and Horizons.” Chemistry of Materials. American Chemical Society, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5c00213.
M. Palacios Corella, I. Echevarría, C. Santana Santos, W. Schuhmann, E. Ventosa, and M. Ibáñez, “Prussian blue analogues as anode materials for battery applications: Complexities and horizons,” Chemistry of Materials. American Chemical Society, 2025.
Palacios Corella M, Echevarría I, Santana Santos C, Schuhmann W, Ventosa E, Ibáñez M. 2025. Prussian blue analogues as anode materials for battery applications: Complexities and horizons. Chemistry of Materials.
Palacios Corella, Mario, et al. “Prussian Blue Analogues as Anode Materials for Battery Applications: Complexities and Horizons.” Chemistry of Materials, American Chemical Society, 2025, doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.5c00213.
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