The JWST Emission Line Survey (JELS): An untargeted search for H α emission line galaxies at z > 6 and their physical properties
Pirie CA, Best PN, Duncan KJ, Mcleod DJ, Cochrane RK, Clausen M, Dunlop JS, Flury SR, Geach JE, Hale CL, Ibar E, Kondapally R, Li Z, Matthee JJ, Mclure RJ, Ossa-Fuentes L, Patrick AL, Smail I, Sobral D, Stephenson HMO, Stott JP, Swinbank AM. 2025. The JWST Emission Line Survey (JELS): An untargeted search for H α emission line galaxies at z > 6 and their physical properties. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 541(2), 1348–1376.
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Author
Pirie, C. A.;
Best, P. N.;
Duncan, K. J.;
Mcleod, D. J.;
Cochrane, R. K.;
Clausen, M.;
Dunlop, J. S.;
Flury, S. R.;
Geach, J. E.;
Hale, C. L.;
Ibar, E.;
Kondapally, R.
All
All
Department
Abstract
We present the first results of the JWST Emission Line Survey (JELS). Utilizing the first NIRCam narrow-band imaging at 4.7 μm, over 63 arcmin2 in the PRIMER/COSMOS field, we have identified 609 emission line galaxy candidates. From these, we robustly selected 35 H α star-forming galaxies at z ∼ 6.1, with H α star-formation rates (SFRH α) of ∼ 0.9 − 15 M yr−1.
Combining our unique H α sample with the exquisite panchromatic data in the field, we explored their physical properties and star-formation histories, and compared these to a broad-band selected sample at z ∼ 6 which has offered vital new insights into the nature of high-redshift galaxies. UV-continuum slopes (β) were considerably redder for our H α sample (β ∼ −1.92)
compared to the broad-band sample (β ∼ −2.35). This was not due to dust attenuation as our H α sample was relatively dustpoor (median AV = 0.23); instead, we argue that the reddened slopes could be due to nebular continuum. We compared SFRH α and the UV-continuum-derived SFRUV to SED-fitted measurements averaged over canonical time-scales of 10 and 100 Myr (SFR10 and SFR100). We found an increase in recent SFR for our sample of H α emitters, particularly at lower stellar masses (< 109 M). We also found that SFRH α strongly traces SFR averaged over 10 Myr time-scales, whereas the UV-continuum overpredicts SFR on 100 Myr time-scales at low stellar masses. These results point to our H α sample undergoing ‘bursty’ star
formation. Our F356W z ∼ 6 sample showed a larger scatter in SFR10/SFR100 across all stellar masses, which has highlighted how narrow-band photometric selections of H α emitters are key to quantifying the burstiness of star-formation activity.
Publishing Year
Date Published
2025-08-01
Journal Title
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Publisher
Oxford University Press
Acknowledgement
The authors would like to thank Adam Carnall and Joel Leja for their helpful advice with the SED fitting of our sample, Callum Donnan for his advice on the selection techniques of high-redshift
galaxies, Alice Shapley for discussion around H α SFR calibrations at high-redshift, Fred Jennings for providing insight into the interpretation of SFR ratios, and the anonymous referee for their helpful comments – all of which have greatly improved this paper. Several other authors acknowledge the support of the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) via grants ST/W507441/1 (CAP), ST/V000594/1 (DJM, PNB, RK, and RJM), ST/Y000951/1 (PNB and RK) and ST/X001075/1 (AMS and IRS), and through an Ernest Rutherford Fellowship (KJD; grant number ST/W003120/1). RKC was funded by support for programme #02321, provided by
NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-03127. RKC and CLH are both grateful for support from the Leverhulme Trust via a Leverhulme Early Career Fellowship, and CLH also acknowledges support from the Oxford Hintze Centre for Astrophysical Surveys which is funded through generous support from the Hintze Family
Charitable Foundation. JSD acknowledges the support of the Royal Society via a Royal Society Research Professorship. EI gratefully acknowledge financialsupport from ANID–MILENIO–NCN2024 112 and ANID FONDECYT Regular 1221846. LOF acknowledges by ANID BECAS/DOCTORADO NACIONAL 21220499.
Volume
541
Issue
2
Page
1348-1376
ISSN
eISSN
IST-REx-ID
Cite this
Pirie CA, Best PN, Duncan KJ, et al. The JWST Emission Line Survey (JELS): An untargeted search for H α emission line galaxies at z > 6 and their physical properties. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2025;541(2):1348-1376. doi:10.1093/mnras/staf1006
Pirie, C. A., Best, P. N., Duncan, K. J., Mcleod, D. J., Cochrane, R. K., Clausen, M., … Swinbank, A. M. (2025). The JWST Emission Line Survey (JELS): An untargeted search for H α emission line galaxies at z > 6 and their physical properties. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staf1006
Pirie, C. A., P. N. Best, K. J. Duncan, D. J. Mcleod, R. K. Cochrane, M. Clausen, J. S. Dunlop, et al. “The JWST Emission Line Survey (JELS): An Untargeted Search for H α Emission Line Galaxies at z > 6 and Their Physical Properties.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staf1006.
C. A. Pirie et al., “The JWST Emission Line Survey (JELS): An untargeted search for H α emission line galaxies at z > 6 and their physical properties,” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 541, no. 2. Oxford University Press, pp. 1348–1376, 2025.
Pirie CA, Best PN, Duncan KJ, Mcleod DJ, Cochrane RK, Clausen M, Dunlop JS, Flury SR, Geach JE, Hale CL, Ibar E, Kondapally R, Li Z, Matthee JJ, Mclure RJ, Ossa-Fuentes L, Patrick AL, Smail I, Sobral D, Stephenson HMO, Stott JP, Swinbank AM. 2025. The JWST Emission Line Survey (JELS): An untargeted search for H α emission line galaxies at z > 6 and their physical properties. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 541(2), 1348–1376.
Pirie, C. A., et al. “The JWST Emission Line Survey (JELS): An Untargeted Search for H α Emission Line Galaxies at z > 6 and Their Physical Properties.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 541, no. 2, Oxford University Press, 2025, pp. 1348–76, doi:10.1093/mnras/staf1006.
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