ZTF J021804.16+071152.93: A dead cataclysmic variable and potential solution to the missing period bouncer cataclysmic variables

Parsons SG, Brown AJ, Casewell SL, Littlefair SP, van Roestel JC, Rebassa-Mansergas A, Murillo-Ojeda R, Zorotovic M, Schreiber MR, Bagnulo S, Stroet MA, Castro Segura N, Dhillon VS, Dyer MJ, Garbutt JA, Green MJ, Jarvis D, Kennedy MR, Kerry P, Mccormac J, Munday J, Pelisoli I, Pike E, Sahman DI, Yates A. 2026. ZTF J021804.16+071152.93: A dead cataclysmic variable and potential solution to the missing period bouncer cataclysmic variables. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 547(4), stag521.

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Parsons, S. G.; Brown, A. J.; Casewell, S. L.; Littlefair, S. P.; van Roestel, Joannes CISTA; Rebassa-Mansergas, A.; Murillo-Ojeda, R.; Zorotovic, M.; Schreiber, M. R.; Bagnulo, S.; Stroet, M. A.; Castro Segura, N.
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Abstract
It is predicted that half or more of all cataclysmic variables (CVs) should have evolved past the period minimum and now exist as so-called period bouncers where a white dwarf should be accreting from a Roche lobe filling substellar companion. However, this prediction stands in stark contrast to observations, where only a few per cent of CVs are found in this evolutionary phase. A potential solution to this discrepancy is that a magnetic field emerges from within the white dwarf after the system has reached the period minimum. The transfer of angular momentum from the spin of the white dwarf into the orbit then pushes the two stars apart, detaching them for potentially billions of years. Here we present the discovery of ZTF J021804.16+071152.93, a detached 0.69 +- 0.01 M⁠, 19 MG magnetic white dwarf plus 37 +- 5MJup brown dwarf binary with an orbital period of 1.7 h. The kinematics of the system indicate that it is a high probability member of the Galactic thick disc. However, this strongly disagrees with the much younger age of the system obtained from the white dwarf parameters, implying that the system may have been accreting in the past. This system is therefore consistent with having detached as a result of the emergence of the magnetic field of the white dwarf when the system was still mass transferring, and may represent the ultimate fate for many (perhaps even most) CVs.
Publishing Year
Date Published
2026-04-01
Journal Title
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Publisher
Oxford University Press
Acknowledgement
The results presented in this paper are based on observations collected at the European Southern Observatory under programme IDs 113.D-0277 and 114.D-0066 and on observations made with the Gran Telescopio Canarias (programme ID GTC119-23B), installed in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, on the island of La Palma. SGP acknowledges support by the Science and Technology Facilities Council (grant ST/B001174/1). ARM acknowledges support from MINECO under the PID2023-148661NB-I00 grant and by the AGAUR/Generalitat de Catalunya grant SGR-386/2021. RMO was funded by INTA through grant PRE-OBSERVATORIO and acknowledges support from project PID2023-146210NB-I00 funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by ERDF/EU. MZ acknowledges support from FONDECYT (grants 1250525 and 1221059). VSD and HiPERCAM were funded by the Science and Technology Facilities Council (grant ST/Z000033/1). MRS thanks for support from FONDECYT (grant No. 1221059). This project received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant agreement numbers 101002408-MOS100PC).
Volume
547
Issue
4
Article Number
stag521
ISSN
eISSN
IST-REx-ID

Cite this

Parsons SG, Brown AJ, Casewell SL, et al. ZTF J021804.16+071152.93: A dead cataclysmic variable and potential solution to the missing period bouncer cataclysmic variables. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2026;547(4). doi:10.1093/mnras/stag521
Parsons, S. G., Brown, A. J., Casewell, S. L., Littlefair, S. P., van Roestel, J. C., Rebassa-Mansergas, A., … Yates, A. (2026). ZTF J021804.16+071152.93: A dead cataclysmic variable and potential solution to the missing period bouncer cataclysmic variables. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag521
Parsons, S. G., A. J. Brown, S. L. Casewell, S. P. Littlefair, Joannes C van Roestel, A. Rebassa-Mansergas, R. Murillo-Ojeda, et al. “ZTF J021804.16+071152.93: A Dead Cataclysmic Variable and Potential Solution to the Missing Period Bouncer Cataclysmic Variables.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag521.
S. G. Parsons et al., “ZTF J021804.16+071152.93: A dead cataclysmic variable and potential solution to the missing period bouncer cataclysmic variables,” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 547, no. 4. Oxford University Press, 2026.
Parsons SG, Brown AJ, Casewell SL, Littlefair SP, van Roestel JC, Rebassa-Mansergas A, Murillo-Ojeda R, Zorotovic M, Schreiber MR, Bagnulo S, Stroet MA, Castro Segura N, Dhillon VS, Dyer MJ, Garbutt JA, Green MJ, Jarvis D, Kennedy MR, Kerry P, Mccormac J, Munday J, Pelisoli I, Pike E, Sahman DI, Yates A. 2026. ZTF J021804.16+071152.93: A dead cataclysmic variable and potential solution to the missing period bouncer cataclysmic variables. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 547(4), stag521.
Parsons, S. G., et al. “ZTF J021804.16+071152.93: A Dead Cataclysmic Variable and Potential Solution to the Missing Period Bouncer Cataclysmic Variables.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 547, no. 4, stag521, Oxford University Press, 2026, doi:10.1093/mnras/stag521.
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